Mark 10:2-16
Teaching on marriage
10:2Some testing him, asked, “Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife?”
10:3He answered them, “What did Moses command you?”
10:4They said, “Moses allowed a man to write a certificate of dismissal and to divorce her.”
10:5But Jesus said to them, “Because of your hardness of heart he wrote this commandment for you.
10:6But from the beginning of creation, ‘God made them male and female.’
10:7’For this reason a man shall leave his father and mother and be joined to his wife,
10:8and the two shall become one flesh.’ So they are no longer two but one flesh.
10:9Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate.”
10:10Then in the house the disciples asked him again about this matter.
10:11He said to them, “Whoever divorces his wife and marries another commits adultery against her,
10:12and if she divorces her husband and marries another, she commits adultery.”
10:13People were bringing children to him in order that he might touch them, and the disciples spoke sternly to them.
10:14But when Jesus saw this, he was indignant and said to them, “Let the children come to me; do not stop them, for it is to such as these that the kingdom of God belongs.
10:15Truly I tell you, whoever does not receive the kingdom of God as a little child will never enter it.”
10:16And he took them up in his arms, laid his hands on them, and blessed them.
[2]καὶ προσελθόντες οἱ Φαρισαῖοι ἐπηρώτων αὐτὸν εἰ ἔξεστιν ἀνδρὶ γυναῖκα ἀπολῦσαι, πειράζοντες αὐτόν.
[3]ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· τί ὑμῖν ἐνετείλατο Μωϋσῆς;
[4]οἱ δὲ εἶπον· ἐπέτρεψε Μωϋσῆς βιβλίον ἀποστασίου γράψαι καὶ ἀπολῦσαι.
[5]καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς ὁ ᾿Ιησοῦς εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· πρὸς τὴν σκληροκαρδίαν ὑμῶν ἔγραψεν ὑμῖν τὴν ἐντολὴν ταύτην·
[6]ἀπὸ δὲ ἀρχῆς κτίσεως ἄρσεν καὶ θῆλυ ἐποίησεν αὐτοὺς ὁ Θεός·
[7]ἕνεκεν τούτου καταλείψει ἄνθρωπος τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴν μητέρα, καὶ προσκολληθήσεται πρὸς τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔσονται οἱ δύο εἰς σάρκα μίαν.
[8]ὥστε οὐκέτι εἰσὶ δύο, ἀλλὰ μία σάρξ·
[9]ὃ οὖν ὁ Θεὸς συνέζευξεν, ἄνθρωπος μὴ χωριζέτω.
[10]καὶ εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν πάλιν οἱ μαθηταὶ περὶ τούτου ἐπηρώτων αὐτόν,
[11]καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς· ὃς ἂν ἀπολύσῃ τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ καὶ γαμήσῃ ἄλλην, μοιχᾶται ἐπ᾿ αὐτήν·
[12]καὶ ἐὰν γυνὴ ἀπολύσασα τὸν ἄνδρα γαμηθῇ ἄλλῳ, μοιχᾶται.
[13]Καὶ προσέφερον αὐτῷ παιδία, ἵνα αὐτῶν ἅψηται· οἱ δὲ μαθηταὶ ἐπετίμων τοῖς προσφέρουσιν.
[14]ἰδὼν δὲ ὁ ᾿Ιησοῦς ἠγανάκτησε καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· ἄφετε τὰ παιδία ἔρχεσθαι πρός με, καὶ μὴ κωλύετε αὐτά· τῶν γὰρ τοιούτων ἐστὶν ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ.
[15]ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, ὃς ἐὰν μὴ δέξηται τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ ὡς παιδίον, οὐ μὴ εἰσέλθῃ εἰς αὐτήν.
[16]καὶ ἐναγκαλισάμενος αὐτὰ κατηυλόγει τιθεὶς τὰς χεῖρας ἐπ᾿ αὐτά.
Comments
[2] ἔξεστιν ἀνδρὶ γυναῖκα ἀπολῦσαι: the impers. vb ἔξεστι(ν), ‘it is permitted, allowed for someone to do something’, c. dat. pers. et inf., as here, is cl. Gk (LSJ s.v.). ἀπολῦσαι: ἀπολύω, a cmpd, ‘dismiss, discharge’ (cl. Gk: LSJ s.v. III.1); here = ‘divorce’. Thus: ‘Is it allowed for a man to dismiss his woman’, where the gendered terms mean ‘husband’ and ‘wife’ respectively. Cf. γυναῖκα, v. 7. The vb recurs in vv. 11 and 12.
[4] ἐπέτρεψε: ἐπιτρέπω, ‘I permit’, c. inf. (cl. Gk: LSJ s.v. II.1); Jesus’ verb corresponds to the Pharissees’ ἔξεστιν in v. 2.
βιβλίον ἀποστασίου: βιβλίον, diminutive of βίβλος, ‘scroll’; ‘book’, here= ‘small (papyrus) scroll’; ἀποστασίου, genet., ἀποστάσιον, lit., ‘separation’, hence ‘divorce’, cf. αφίστημι, ‘I separate, fall away’ (EDNT s.v. αφίστημι). Thus βιβλίον ἀποστασίου = ‘document of divorce’.
[5] πρὸς τὴν σκληροκαρδίαν: πρός + acc., ‘owing to, in consequence of, in view of’ (cl. Gk: LSJ s.v. C.III.2). σκληροκαρδία, lit., ‘hardness of heart’, an LXX word; Muraoka renders it as ‘stubbornness of attitude’, as in De10.16, etc.
[9] συνέζευξεν: aor. of συζεύγνυμι, fittingly a cmpd vb, ‘yoke together’, used in cl Gk to refer to yoking horses but also of marriage (LSL s.v. 1). The Engl. tr. ‘joined together’ does not necessarily call to mind a team of horses.
[15] οὐ μὴ εἰσέλθῃ: the double negatives οὐ μὴ + aor. subj. (or less often, future) indicate a very strong negation, i.e., ‘in NO way, under NO circumstances will…’ The Engl. tr. ‘will never enter’ is faithful to the vigorous negation. Perhaps better still would be ‘never will enter’ or ‘will never enter’ (‘never’ being italicised or even underlined or emphasised in oral delivery).
[16] ἐναγκαλισάμενος αὐτὰ κατηυλόγει: ἐναγκαλίζομαι, mid. vc, ‘take in one’s arms’, an LXX vb; cf. the cl. Gk ἀγκάλαι, pl., ‘bent arm’. Κατευλογέω, a strengthened form of εὐλογέω, is also late (LXX & Plut.). It connotes affectionate and repeated blessing, something more than just ‘he blessed them’.
Insights into Biblical Greek Grammar and Syntax 